If your bank goes bankrupt your debts won’t disappear

Oct 072008

With all the madness that has been going on over the last few weeks in relation to the stockmarket and the economy it is easy to get caught up in it all. There is nothing but doom and gloom pouring out from every TV channel and news website.

The simple fact of the matter is that you have nothing more to worry about than usual and here’s why.

If you are in debt and owe the bank money and that bank goes bankrupt then you STILL owe the bank that money. You do NOT have your loans written off – in fact your loan is seen as an asset of the bank because it generates income for them. As a result your loan stays in place.

Unless you have thousands of dollars invested in the stockmarket, then your main concern should still be to repay your debts. On the other hand if you do have thousands of dollars invested in the stockmarket I would ask you, retirement funds aside, why haven’t you used these funds to pay down your debt?

No matter which way you cut it, your number one focus should still be on debt repayment.

Job losses

This is a legitimate concern but given the unstable nature of working life these days it was probably a concern you had long before now. It is true that if things continue the way that they are going then there will be a lot of people losing their jobs and not just on Wall Street. Even as it stands there are thousands of people who are losing their jobs each month.

To those of you who still have a job and are concerned about losing it I would say get your house in order. There is a reason why the motto of the Boy Scouts is ‘Be prepared’.  I wrote a previous article called ‘How long could you survive if you lost your job?’ that will help you understand what you need to do in order to weather the approaching storm.

Stick half of your head in the sand

This is the best advice I could give to someone who is worried about what is going on in the world today. I give this advice on the understanding that you have your financial affairs in order and that you are focusing on paying down your debts and building an emergency fund. I wrote an article called ‘Stop talking about recession, I don’t want to know’.

In this article I outline how I actually made some money during a recession by ignoring the negative financial self talk and hiding away from the bad news. It was a case of ‘ignorance is bliss’.

Nothing changes much

If you are on a debt freedom journey then do not allow a recession or talk of recession throw you off course. It is now more important than ever to be seeking debt freedom. At least that way if you are debt free (or at least on course to being debt free) and things get really bad you can be safe in the knowledge that you are in a much better position than a lot of people are. Ultimately whatever happens it is how well prepared you are that will determine what shape you will be in when you come out the other side.

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Payment shock – and how to avoid it

Sep 032008

Taken from Investopedia.com

Payment shock

The risk that a loan’s scheduled future periodic payments may increase substantially. Payment shock can be the result of several things, including the expiration of an initial or temporary start interest rate (sometimes known as a teaser rate), the end of a fixed-interest rate period, the end of an interest-only payment period, an increase in an adjustable-rate mortgage’s fully indexed interest rate or the recasting of a payment option ARM.

My payment shock came in the form of an introductory low interest rate offer on a credit card. I had transferred the balance off a couple of my credit cards onto a single credit card that had a really low introductory offer. The offer was 0% for six months on balance transfers. I jumped at the chance.

Six months later I was so use to getting my monthly statement with the same balance on the account that I didn’t even bother opening the statements. I wasn’t using the credit card to buy anything so the balance wasn’t moving. I got lazy. I sailed through the six month period without even realizing that it had ended.

About three months after the introductory offer period ended I went to check my credit card statement. I got what I now know as a ‘payment shock’. My credit balance had shot up in the three months since the end of the introductory offer period. I was now paying interest on interest. I was very alarmed and annoyed that I let it happen.

I learnt a hard lesson and I learnt all about what it means to suffer from “Payment shock”.

That said I think I was lucky. I am currently renting but about two years ago I was looking to get a mortgage. There was some scary stuff out there. Interest only options with teaser rates. From my experience with the credit card payment shock I was in no rush to be seduced by these low monthly mortgage payments. From what I could see most of these low rates only last about 2 years. Then they reset and you have 28 years of trying to pay the much higher rates. I held off and I’m glad I did.

I suppose that was what the whole subprime meltdown was all about. People who could not necessarily afford the standard mortgage payments were seduced by these low low teaser rates and some slick salesmanship.

The offer was simple and I imagine it went something like this

“You can have the home of your dreams and it will only cost you $600 per month, then when the rate resets in a couple of years you can refinance or sell as your home will have gone up in value.”

How could you not be seduced by this? I mean here was your dream handed to you on a plate for a very reasonable and manageable monthly payment.

When you take it at face value it looks like an amazing offer. You get what you want for a very little monthly outlay. Many people bought into this and I can completely understand why.

Unfortunately the danger lay a year or two down the track. Like what happened to me I imagine that a lot of people got comfortable and use to making the monthly payment and not even thinking about the rate reset. Like me they were in for a very nasty payment shock.

I’ve read stories online about how people were seduced by the low interest only rates only to find that they simply couldn’t afford the repayments once the rates reset. Here is a link to one such story from the New York Times – Mortgage Crisis Spreads past subprime loans.

How to avoid payment shock

Hindsight is 20:20. When you look back on an event that has occurred it is so easy to say ‘I should have done this or I should have done that’ but in reality the event is gone forever and there is no point beating yourself up about something that you cannot change.

That said there is still value to be had by analyzing past mistakes. The value is to learn from your mistakes and the mistakes of others so that you are less likely to repeat them.

I learnt a couple of lessons from my payment shock.

The first lesson I learnt is to always go into these things with your eyes open. I knew what I was getting into with the low introductory credit card rate but what I wasn’t 100% clear about was when exactly the period ended and what, if any, obligations I had once the period ended. To be honest I wasn’t even sure about what rate I would be paying once the period ended.

So my advice is to do your homework completely before you enter into any sort of introductory or low interest offer. There is no such thing as a free lunch and the more you know and understand about the offer the better you will be able to evaluate it and decide if it is suitable for you. Use the power of the internet to connect with other people who may have already signed up for the offer and find out what their experiences have been.

One key piece of information that is crucial in your decision is whether or not you can afford the repayments when the rate resets. So you need to find out exactly how much the new rate will be in a worse case scenario. If you have a mortgage then this means calculating how much you will have to repay when the rates reset but also assuming a worse case scenario that the interest rates in the economy will rise as well. Then ask yourself if you can sustain that level of repayment indefinitely or will it be a strain on your finances?

The second lesson I learnt is to use the time of the introductory offer to good effect. In the six month interest free period I sat back and did absolutely nothing to tackle my credit card debt. I should have looked on this as a window of opportunity to make serious inroads into my debt so that when the interest free period ended there was no debt for the credit card company to charge interest on.

If you have a low interest period on a loan, credit card or mortgage then use it to good effect because you can be certain that when the interest free period is over you will face higher repayments.

I can understand why someone buying a house would like to avail of the interest only option. When moving house there are lots of new things that may need to be bought and unforeseen expenses that can occur. That said I think that it would be prudent to start working backwards from when the introductory period ends.

As mention above you should find out what the new repayments will be after the introductory offer period ends. With this new worse case scenario repayment figure in mind you should start budgeting your finances accordingly.

For example if you currently repay $600 on your mortgage but you know that in 18 months that it will reset to $750 then you should start to budget your current finances on the basis of the new figure of $750 even if it is 18 months before the new rate kicks in. Start paying the new rate of $750 now. Don’t wait for the rates to reset in 18 months.

The logic is simple, by the time the new rate kicks in you will have adjusted your finances accordingly and the payment shock will be neutralized. In effect you are bringing the payment shock forward and allowing yourself to deal with it on your own terms.

In the example above there is a difference of $150 between the current payment of $600 and the project rate reset figure of $750. When you start to budget your finances using the new figure even though it is 18 months before you actually need to start paying $750 you should save the difference of $150 and place it in an account only to be used to help you smooth out the transition to the new higher rate.

Payment shock – the real key to avoiding it.

In my article called ‘Prudence in all matters relating to your debt’ I made the point that to be prudent with your finances you should expect more bills and expect less income. To avoid payment shock you should apply the prudence principle. If you estimate that your repayments after the rate reset will be $750 then you should budget for $800. By doing this you are allowing for any hidden or unexpected charges.

The only real way to avoid payment shock is to go for the fixed rate option where you repay principal plus interest each month. You know exactly what your repayments will be for the entire period of the loan. It may cost you more initially but in the long run you avoid any payment shock that could throw you financial plans into disarray.

Finally if you are caught on the wrong side of a payment shock like I was don’t just sit there looking at it. Get the calculator out and start doing your sums. Contact the lender and ask for help. Research your options on the internet. Take action. Get moving on it and keep moving on it. Come at the problem from different angles. More often than not a few choice cuts in your budget can help soften the blow.

Just remember that the faster you move the less of a shock it will be.

Foreclosure of a dream

Jun 192008

I recently heard the sad story of a single mom who had her home foreclosed. This is a story that has become depressingly familiar and has been repeated thousands of times over and will be repeated thousands of times in the next few years. No two cases are exactly the same but they all seem to have a common thread running through them. However this story is worth repeating if for no other reason than to show how you can be seduced by easy credit only for the dream to turn sour. For those of you facing a similar situation take strength from the knowledge that you are not alone and that the mistakes you have made were not necessarily all your fault. For those of you in debt take a warning from this story as to how bad things can get if you do not face up to your problems now.

To protect her identity we will call her Michelle. Now Michelle came from a disadvantaged background to begin with. Her Dad left home when she was young and her Mom struggled to raise her and her two brothers the best she could. Michelle grew up with strong principles of right and wrong and despite her background she did well for herself.

Michelle was a hard working single mom. She had a job in a local company doing administrative work. She enjoyed her job. In spring 2005 she spotted an advert for mortgages. What caught her attention was the fact that the mortgages on offer were ‘no money down’ – she didn’t need a deposit or any assets to get the mortgage. Too good to be true.

Initially she was worried about being able to meet the mortgage payments and the fact that she had a spotty credit history due to some late payments on an auto loan. However when she called the mortgage broker she was assured that she would be able to afford the monthly repayments and that her credit history wouldn’t be a problem. In fact she was quite pleasantly surprised at the low monthly payments. This of course was to be her undoing. The mortgage broker either didn’t mention the rate reset on the mortgage or mentioned it in terms so obscure and alien to Michelle that she didn’t understand them. Either way a couple of years later Michelle was in for a nasty shock.

With tears of joy Michelle took the keys from the real estate agent and opened the door of her new house. For two happy years Michelle enjoyed her home. It was no longer just a house to Michelle it was her home. She made a great emotional investment in it. She spent every spare moment she had working on the house. It was her pride and joy and it was a safe place to bring up her young son.

In June 2007 Michelle received a letter informing her that her mortgage rate was to be reset to a much higher rate. Her monthly payments went up by $300. Like so many other people she was stunned. She was not expecting such a large increase in payments but due to her poor credit history she was charged a higher rate.

To make matters worse she was already behind on another loan and was getting letters from the bank about it. She did have a small amount of savings but this was simply eaten up by trying to meet the new higher mortgage repayments. It wasn’t long before Michelle fell behind in her mortgage payments. Her situation got so bad that in November last year her home was foreclosed. Michelle was devastated.

Michelle’s story is similar to so many other stories of foreclosure. All that Michelle wanted was a home that she could raise her son in and enjoy life. She had a dream and that dream was home ownership. In reality what she got was a nightmare.

What are the lessons to be learnt? Hindsight is always 20/20 and people can always tell you what you should have done after the event has happened. However there is value to be had from learning about other people’s mistakes. There were a couple of obvious mistakes that Michelle made that could have been avoided.

The biggest mistake Michelle made and probably the single most important thing she could have done was to learn more about her mortgage and about personal finance in general. It doesn’t matter what state your finances are currently in, the more you learn about personal finances the quicker you will solve your financial problems. Financial education is the single most important thing that you can obtain. If you have any spare cash invest it in yourself and in your financial education. You need to know as much about personal finance as possible so that you won’t be taken for a ride.

In Michelle’s situation it was not properly explained to her about the rate reset but whose fault was that? Was it the mortgage brokers? Or was it Michelle’s for not knowing enough about mortgages to ask the question?

In reality Michelle should never have been approved for the loan. The lenders were too easy with the credit and in a lot of ways the banks and financial institutions have no one to blame for their current problems only themselves. But that’s not the point. The point is Michelle was given a loan she clearly should not have qualified for. This was unfair on her. She was given the dream only for it to be snatched from her two years later.

The housing market for people like Michelle was one giant Ponzi scheme. Michelle just happened to be a willing victim. I know some of you reading this will say ‘good enough for her’ but I think you are missing the point. Michelle wanted the dream of a nice home in a nice area and a secure future. Don’t we all want something like that? Who is to say that we might not be next?

Debt by Stealth – this is the cause of your Debt

Mar 292008

In my opinion based on first hand experience the majority of people who have large debts have sleep walked into them. I’m not saying it’s their fault but what I am saying is society is set up in such a way that it’s hard not to incur large debts. Some people might argue that it is the individual’s responsibility to look after their own finances and I would agree but from a young age in the society we now live in we are all primed and conditioned to take on unnecessary consumer debt. Now don’t think I’m saying all this to be controversial but the simple fact of the matter is that most debt is by stealth. Debt by stealth. Let me explain.

As we make our way through life there are certain expenses we need to incur to help us on our way and there are other smaller discretionary expenses that we don’t need to but feel obliged to incur.

Let’s first take a look at the bigger debts we face in our lives.

Student Loans:

To get you through college you probably had to take out student loans. The loans needed repaying and as soon as you left college so the pressure was on to find a nice stable job so that the banks could stake their rightful claim on your income. I suppose at the time it made sense – a trade off between getting a good education and good job versus taking out a small student loan. If only it was that simple – yeah sure you needed the money at the time and college is very expensive but the problem is it sets the tone for the rest of your life. The banks hope to get you into the borrowing habit at a young age so they have you as customers for life. Pretty smart eh?

Mortgage Debt:

Mortgage debt can be justified by the need for somewhere to live right? I mean that’s a no brainer. Ok but think about it for a minute – the global property market has rocketed for the last 5 years. You bought because everyone else was buying right? You had a family to support and the banks were literally throwing money at you. Everyone else was doing it right? You were secure in the knowledge that ‘we were all in it together’. You took the plunge and things went your way..for a while. The value of your house grew in double digits for a couple of years and you thought that you were on easy street. What the heck? You thought, lets just drawn down some equity and go on a nice holiday.

Consumer Debt:

So now you have the house – well wooden crates for tables just won’t cut it. So off we go to the furniture store to rack up some more debt. The guy in the store seem to be offering a great deal with his low monthly repayment options on that sofa. The 28 inch screen TV that you had looks a bit dated so you got one of the new 40 inch plasma screens. On a lease plan of course. More debt! So far the debts look fairly easy to spot. They don’t seem to have much stealth but let’s continue.

The debt bite

The house, the TV, the furniture – all funded with debt. Nothing new here you say. Now we are in a situation that most people with this lifestyle find themselves. The monthly payments start to take a big bite out of your monthly take home pay. This added to the college loans you are still paying off leaves you with very little to spend on the ‘necessities’. Here are some of the so called necessities of life – that new outfit, the morning decaffe latte, the nice gourmet sandwiches for lunch, the expensive two week holiday, the latest ipod, the trendy trainers and the list goes on. If you sat down and analysed the outgoings on these ‘necessities’ it would not be hard to see how they all add up to a whole pile of debt because the chances are that most of the items on the list (and a whole lot of other items) were paid for using your credit cards.

Credit cards can be very useful if used properly but that’s the focus of another article.

Looking at your expenditure on a single day basis the expenses don’t seem to add up to much. True, on a daily basis these expenses look small and manageable but taken over the period of say a month then they don’t look so small and manageable. What is even more telling is that these expenses are not taking into consideration the loan repayments. So if you like you have the long term debt – i.e. debt that has a repayment schedule that is greater than one year for example mortgage, car loans, college loans etc. then these little ‘necessities’ that add to your short term debt situation. By being a drain on your daily finances these little things all add up to take a big chunk out of your monthly take home pay.

If you compound this spending behaviour over a year then the real impact starts to show. You end up either hitting your overdraft every month or adding any excess expenses on to your credit cards. Take this behaviour over a number of years and you have a problem situation. The problem is that unless there is a shift in behaviour then there is serious trouble ahead.

As you are probably beginning to see Debt by stealth is an ever present threat. You turn on your 40 inch plasma screen TV and you see the adverts bombarding you with information and trying to seduce you into buying. On your way to work listening to the radio or checking out the billboard advertisements, same thing again they all want a piece of you or more accurately they all want a piece of your money. Everything and everywhere there are debt threats. Western society is built on consumer spending, it’s the keystone of capitalism. Spend or die. But wait a minute, who says that you have to overspend? Where is it written that we have to keep up with the Jonses?

Keeping up with the Jones

Oh no not that tired and hackneyed phrase. I’m sick of hearing that – you say. Well sure it is a tired phrase that people seem to throw about but it does hold a lot of truth. Instead of the Jones if we used the word peers or friends then I think you would appreciate the sentiment in the phrase. Too often we find ourselves forced into a race to keep up in monetary terms with our friends, neighbours and relatives. It gets to the stage that we are running just to stand still. The neighbours have the latest car – we feel obliged to match them. Our friends go away on a two week vacation to the Far East. We have to go one better. Ultimately we end up in a competition that we just cannot win. We get stressed from the constant need to keep up, the need to maintain our social standing by spending.

Sure its nice to have nice things but where is the glory in having nice things yet being kept awake half the night worrying about how your going to make next months car payments? So what to do?

Wake up

As I said at the start of this article, it is my opinion that the majority of people sleep walk into debt. Then one day they realise that the money they are making is no longer enough to cover the bills. What usually happens then is denial. It can’t be that bad. If I ignore it, it will go away. And so the spiral continues, downwards, until they are faced with foreclosure and bankruptcy.

There is another way. It doesn’t matter how bad your situation may seem, no matter how little income you currently have, no matter how many creditors are calling. There is another way out.

You want to solve your debt problems? Then WAKE UP! I’m serious its time that you WAKE UP and took a long hard look at your debt situation. No one else is going to help you but YOU! Since this is the case then you need to take control of your finances and reign in your spending, look to pay off your loans early and maybe even consolidate your debt. There are numerous strategies to eliminating debt but you have to first realise the hard cold facts about your current debt situation. Its up to you – you are your only hope. All that the likes of this website can do is to provide you with information, tools and guidance but it is up to you as you go about your daily business to make the small and eventually the big changes to your spending and saving habits.

So saddle up for the ride. No its not going to be easy and yes it will take time but if you are will to change and are committed to the fight and are willing to learn and work hard then there is no reason why you will not be successful!! Go on I dare you.

The Pain of Debt

Feb 022008

Not long ago a friend of mine came to me with a problem. He had just recently broken up with his girlfriend and was having financial difficulties. He was not looking for money, well not exactly. He and his ex-girlfriend had taken out a 100% mortgage to buy their house. Since they were no longer together it had been agreed that he would take over the house and the repayments that went with it. The problem was the mortgage was in both their names and based on both their incomes.

My friend went to get the mortgage changed into his name but he ran into a brick wall. The bank was not prepared to change the mortgage into his name because it was not prepared to take the risk on my friend. You see my friend also has a significant amount of personal debt, credit card debt, overdraft and some outstanding student loans.

So if it wasn’t bad enough that my friend’s relationship broken up it also looked like he would lose his house. Now what did he want from me? Did he come looking for advice on how to repay his debts and stabilise his financial situation? Was he looking for motivation in his struggle with his debts? No, nothing of the sort. My friend was running short on options. He was looking for someone to go guarantor on the mortgage. This would mean that the person who signed as a guarantor on the mortgage would be liable for the mortgage repayments in the event that my friend could not make the mortgage repayments.

To be honest I struggled for a long time with this situation. What was I to do? I was caught between wanting to help a friend in need and not wanting to put myself in a position that could damage my future. Imagine the scenario – I go guarantor on the mortgage for my friend, now my friend manages to make the mortgage payments for six months. Okay, so far so good – it seems to be working out ok and my position as a good friend is assured. Now imagine that my friend gets laid off or his debts continue to grow and are too much for him to handle? What then? The problem then is that if my friend can’t make the mortgage repayments then it falls to me to make them for him. I have debt burden myself so I sincerely doubt that I could take on someone else’s mortgage repayments on top of the loan repayments I have to make each month myself.

As you can see it was a tough position to be in. I was angry at my friend for putting me in this position and trying to leverage our friendship so that I could solve his problems. I wasn’t happy about it at all. I wasn’t happy about the way it was making me feel and the way it had infected our friendship. You see that’s the thing about debt in all its ugly forms. If you are in debt and are struggling to cope with your debts then every single aspect of your life is view through the glasses of debt. Every decision you make is clouded by debt. You are no longer prepared to take risks like finding and starting a new and better job.

It was situations like this that made me mad enough to start this website. I get really angry when I see people beaten down by debt. They sleep walk right into a mountain of debt and wake up one day wishing it was all a bad dream. Some get depressed and end up on anti-depressants. Couples with debt problems begin to argue over money. The debt has made them afraid of losing what material things they have. Little realising that if they continue they way they are they will end up in a vicious cycle of spending to maintain a certain lifestyle and using debt to fund it. I’ve heard stories of couples staying together (even though they hated each other) simply because they could not afford to take the negative equity hit on their house. You see debt like this is oppressive – its slavery.

Getting back to the situation I had with my friend. He was getting desperate as the bank was looking for a guarantor and his ex-girlfriend wanted her name off the mortgage fast. So I took the middle ground – I really wanted to help this guy, after all he’s a friend and what use would I be as a friend if I couldn’t help him in his hour of need. On the other hand I didn’t want to be pulled down by his mistake – if things got a little worse for him then I would be dragged into his black hole of debt. Not a place I wanted to go. So here is what I proposed to him and how I proposed it to him.

“I will go as guarantor on your mortgage for the period of six months if you satisfy the following criteria.

1. Get a reality check – I want you calculate exactly how much you owe and to whom you owe it. Then I want you to calculate exactly how much you are repaying in loans each month.

2. Calculate the absolute minimum that you can realistically live on each month – so cover the basics only, mortgage, food, transport and health insurance.

3. Take a look around your house and life and sell everything that you do not need – everything. Use this extra cash to pay down your credit card debt.

4. Once the first three steps are completed I want you to set aside an additional 5% of your net income each month and add this amount to the monthly repayments you make on your smallest loan. Once you have paid down this loan take the amount you were repaying on the loan along with the additional 5% and add it to the next smallest loan. Continue in this fashion.

5. Cut up all your credit cards and operate only with debit cards or cash.

6. Create a daily/weekly/monthly budget.”

I said to my friend that I would go guarantor for six months to give him breathing space but I wanted him to change his spending habits. After the six months were up I would extend it for another year if he met the criteria I outlined above.

To the casual observer the terms outlined above may seem a bit extreme – some may argue that I should have simply gone ahead and signed for the mortgage and to hell with the consequences. He’s a friend goddamn it! My argument is this – it was this kind of attitude that got us into debt in the first place and I’ll be damned if I’m going back there. I’ve had too many sleepless nights for me to go back to drowning in debt.

So this is how it turned out. My friend said I was being unreasonable. I explained in detail the reasons why I wanted him to meet the criteria. It was for his own good and I had his best interests at heart. He didn’t take too kindly to my offer of help on condition. He got very offended. He said I was treating him like a child and in certain respects he was right. I was trying to control his spending behaviour but only because I could see exactly where he was going to run into financial trouble.

I tried to remain calm and kept repeating my reasons but as I said before when people are in a lot of financial trouble and the bank is calling it is hard for them to be logical. It did become a bit ridiculous and my friend became very upset. He couldn’t see why I was being so stubborn. I pointed out that I felt it was unfair for him to use emotional blackmail on me just so I could click my fingers and his problems would be solved. Well at least solved until the next debt threat!

The conversation went on in this manner for a while before my friend just got up and left in anger. We didn’t speak for weeks. I sent him an email to see how he was getting on and he called me. We spoke for a while and he apologised for storming off. I asked about the mortgage and he told me that his brother in law had gone guarantor.

We pretty much left it at that. We have met up and spoken since but our friendship is damaged probably beyond repair.

Part of me wonders whether the right thing to do was nothing – to make up some wishy washy excuse as to why I couldn’t go guarantor and leave him to his own devices. I don’t know what would have happened but to be honest I think the best thing that could have happened to him was to lose his house – or come close enough to losing it that he changed his ways. Now before you start typing that email of bile to me let me explain. I wanted my friend to realise how dangerous debt can be if used without thinking. I could see from his “I want it all and I want it now” lifestyle that he was using getting in deeper and deeper in debt. I wanted to help him realise this but he did not want to listen and certainly not to me. Who was I to tell him he had a problem? If the sheriff had come calling to take his stuff away would that have been enough?

Probably not.

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